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【新唐人2013年10月30日讯】随着近年来大陆各地拆迁重建规模的持续扩大，因此产生的建筑垃圾也在日益增多，达到了每年15亿吨以上。由于没有有效的处理方法，随意倾倒、堆积建筑垃圾的现象极为严重，人们担心继续下去，城市迟早会被建筑垃圾所吞噬。
如今在大陆，人们会发现一个非常普遍而怪异的现象，在一排排光鲜漂亮的建筑四周，矗立的却是一堆堆小山般的垃圾，而这些建筑垃圾在城市的周边、公路两旁、桥下、河边更加随处可见。甚至在一些地区出现了〝垃圾围城〞的场面。
四川南冲市民吴先生：〝（建筑垃圾）到处都是，一般在空地，未开发的、准备开发的楼盘。在小区里面很多的，有私人的，还有那些公司的。那个沙土全部都堆在路边了。〞
令民众不满又无奈的是，这些建筑垃圾长则几年，少则几个月、几个星期的堆放，却无人问津。有忍无可忍的市民打电话到当地政府，却遭到各个部门的互相推诿。在网路搜索〝建筑垃圾谁管〞，就会出现大量来自大陆各地民众的投诉贴、和曝光贴、求助贴。
如此多的建筑垃圾是怎么产生的？据专家测算，每拆掉1平方米混凝土建筑，就会产生近1吨的建筑垃圾。而大陆近年来的〝城市化大跃进〞以及〝大拆迁运动〞，产生了数量惊人的建筑垃圾。据工信部统计数据显示：自2010年开始，中国每年产生的建筑垃圾超过十亿吨。去年则有15亿吨。
与欧美国家不同的是，欧美国家将95%的建筑垃圾进行回收再利用，而中国大陆绝大部分城市则选择了〝露天堆放〞和〝集中填埋〞。这些做法简单易行，却占用大量土地和污染环境。
其实，中国并不是没有从事建筑垃圾循环利用的企业，但是由于得不到政府的重视和政策上的有效支持，使得整个行业几乎处于集体亏损状态，仅有少数企业在勉力维持运营。
河南盛天环保再生资源利用有限公司 助理工程师 司先生：〝比如说我们要上这个项目，要立项的话，政府应该给予一定的政策支持，比如说你去注册啊，税收这方面政府都应该给予支持。现在政府在这方面没有明确的政策倾向。比如说省一些职能部门，比如说科技局啊，或者说发改委这些，他们只是更多的倾向于高新技术产业，对于环保产业他们倾向的力度并不够。〞
此外，河南〝盛天环保再生资源利用有限公司〞司姓助理工程师还告诉记者，用地得不到保障和原料供应不足，也是再生环保行业面临的两大难题。
司先生：〝我们现在建立这个建筑垃圾处理站，首先这个土地问题不好解决，一般情况这种属于环保行业，一般土地拨付了吧应该，但是现在这种土地都是我们自己去找的，租赁这个土地价格特别昂贵，买更是买不起。〞
据了解，由于政策上的漏洞，垃圾清运公司将垃圾送到回收处理企业，需要向城管部门缴纳一笔费用，加上运输费，花费远远高于随意倾倒的成本，因此没有垃圾清运公司愿意把建筑垃圾送往垃圾处理企业，而很多垃圾处理公司不得不花高价去购买垃圾。
司先生：〝传统的处理方式是什么？拿到郊区填埋，就随便就堆了，现在很多这种建筑垃圾大部分都是通过从市区拉出来之后，只要是空地他就乱倒，只要是个坑他就倒，只要是个沟他也倒，这种填埋他不需要掏钱啊！他们只图运输距离近，1他们之所以还是填埋，是因为政府没有强制他们。〞
在大陆，没有明确法律规定如何处置建筑垃圾，于是出现了一方面巨量的建筑垃圾不断产生，另一方面，建筑垃圾处置企业求援无门。产业政策与监管的缺失，让建筑垃圾整个产业链乱象丛生。
采访编辑/张天宇 后制/君卓
Recycling Businesses Are Facing Difficulties;
Construction Waste Is Covering up Cities
Recent demolition and reconstruction across China over the
years continues to expand in scale, resulting in increasing
construction waste of over 1.5 billion tons per year.
Since there are no effective treatments, random dumping and
accumulation of construction waste are extremely serious.
People are concerned that cities will be covered up
by construction waste sooner or later.
There is a very common yet strange phenomenon in China.
Mounds of construction garbage surround rows of buildings.
The waste is more obvious along cities peripheries, at
roadsides, under bridges and along the river.
Some cities are even surrounded by waste.
Sichuan Nanchong City resident Mr. Wu:"Construction waste
is everywhere, usually in open areas, undeveloped or to be
developed real estate sites.
There are lots of them in the neighborhoods.
Sand and dirt all piled up along the roadside."
It is frustrating that construction wastes could stay for
weeks, months and even years, without being cleaned up.
When citizens phone local government agencies,
officials just shift the responsibilities onto others.
Searching on the Internet for "construction waste cares,"
one can see a large number of complaints, exposure of issues
and asking for help from people all over China.
How was so much construction waste generated?
Experts estimate that demolition of every square meter of
concrete construction produces nearly one ton of waste.
China’s "Urbanization Great Leap Forward" and "Great
Demolition Movement" in recent years have generated a
surprising amount of construction waste.
According to the survey data by Ministry of Industry and
Information Technology, over one billion tons of construction
waste was generated annually since the beginning of 2010,
with 1.5 billion tons in 2012.
While Europe and the U.S. recycle 95 of construction waste,
most cities in China resort to "piling them up outside"
and "centralized landfill."
These practices are simple, but take up a lot of land and
pollute the environment.
In fact, China has construction waste recycling businesses.
Due to lack of government attention and effective support,
the whole industry is almost in a lost state.
Only a few companies are struggling to operate.
Henan Shengtian Environmental & Renewable Resource
Utilization Co Ltd (Shengtian) Assistant Engineer Mrs. Si:
"For example, the government should support in the aspects
of company registration and tax.
But the government does not have specific polices.
Provincial level agencies such as Science and Technology
Bureau or National Development and Reform Commission
(NDRC) only favor high-tech industry.
There is not enough attention on the environmental industry."
Mr. Si also told the reporter that the recycling business
is facing two big problems:
Lack of guarantee of use of land and inadequate supply
of raw materials.
Mr. Si: "The first problem we have in building
waste stations is land.
Land should be allocated to the environmental industry.
But we have to find land on our own.
It is extremely expensive to rent land.
We cannot afford to buy land. "
Due to policy loopholes, garbage removal companies need to
pay urban management to send waste to recycling.
With shipping charges added, costs of recycling are much
higher than random dumping.
Therefore no garbage removal company is willing to
send construction waste to waste disposal companies.
Many waste disposal companies pay a high price to buy waste.
Mr. Si: "In the past, waste was taken to the suburb and buried.
Now lots of construction waste is just dumped to empty spaces,
be it a hole or stream, as long as it is free.
They only care about the distance. The government does not
forbid them from doing so."
In China, there is no clear law on construction waste disposal.
While there is a huge amount of construction waste,
construction waste disposal companies do not get any help.
The lack of industrial policy and regulation have caused
chaos in the entire industry chain of construction waste.
NTD Reporter Zhang Tianyu
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本文标签：
发改委,
城管,
拆迁,
政府,
新唐人,
法律,
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